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*This model was released on 2019-10-23 and added to Hugging Face Transformers on 2020-11-16.*

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# T5

[T5](https://huggingface.co/papers/1910.10683) is a encoder-decoder transformer available in a range of sizes from 60M to 11B parameters. It is designed to handle a wide range of NLP tasks by treating them all as text-to-text problems. This eliminates the need for task-specific architectures because T5 converts every NLP task into a text generation task.

To formulate every task as text generation, each task is prepended with a task-specific prefix (e.g., translate English to German: ..., summarize: ...). This enables T5 to handle tasks like translation, summarization, question answering, and more.

You can find all official T5 checkpoints under the [T5](https://huggingface.co/collections/google/t5-release-65005e7c520f8d7b4d037918) collection.

> [!TIP]
> Click on the T5 models in the right sidebar for more examples of how to apply T5 to different language tasks.

The example below demonstrates how to generate text with [`Pipeline`], [`AutoModel`], and how to translate with T5 from the command line.

<hfoptions id="usage">
<hfoption id="Pipeline">

```py
import torch
from transformers import pipeline

pipeline = pipeline(
    task="text2text-generation",
    model="google-t5/t5-base",
    dtype=torch.float16,
    device=0
)
pipeline("translate English to French: The weather is nice today.")
```

</hfoption>
<hfoption id="AutoModel">

```py
import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
    "google-t5/t5-base"
    )
model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained(
    "google-t5/t5-base",
    dtype=torch.float16,
    device_map="auto"
    )

input_ids = tokenizer("translate English to French: The weather is nice today.", return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

output = model.generate(**input_ids, cache_implementation="static")
print(tokenizer.decode(output[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
```

</hfoption>
<hfoption id="transformers CLI">

```bash
echo -e "translate English to French: The weather is nice today." | transformers run --task text2text-generation --model google-t5/t5-base --device 0
```

</hfoption>
</hfoptions>

Quantization reduces the memory burden of large models by representing the weights in a lower precision. Refer to the [Quantization](../quantization/overview) overview for more available quantization backends.

The example below uses [torchao](../quantization/torchao) to only quantize the weights to int4.

```py
# pip install torchao
import torch
from transformers import TorchAoConfig, AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer

quantization_config = TorchAoConfig("int4_weight_only", group_size=128)
model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained(
    "google/t5-v1_1-xl",
    dtype=torch.bfloat16,
    device_map="auto",
    quantization_config=quantization_config
)

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/t5-v1_1-xl")
input_ids = tokenizer("translate English to French: The weather is nice today.", return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

output = model.generate(**input_ids, cache_implementation="static")
print(tokenizer.decode(output[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
```

## Notes

- You can pad the encoder inputs on the left or right because T5 uses relative scalar embeddings.
- T5 models need a slightly higher learning rate than the default used in [`Trainer`]. Typically, values of `1e-4` and `3e-4` work well for most tasks.

## T5Config

[[autodoc]] T5Config

## T5Tokenizer

[[autodoc]] T5Tokenizer
    - get_special_tokens_mask
    - save_vocabulary

## T5TokenizerFast

[[autodoc]] T5TokenizerFast

## T5Model

[[autodoc]] T5Model
    - forward

## T5ForConditionalGeneration

[[autodoc]] T5ForConditionalGeneration
    - forward

## T5EncoderModel

[[autodoc]] T5EncoderModel
    - forward

## T5ForSequenceClassification

[[autodoc]] T5ForSequenceClassification
    - forward

## T5ForTokenClassification

[[autodoc]] T5ForTokenClassification
    - forward

## T5ForQuestionAnswering

[[autodoc]] T5ForQuestionAnswering
    - forward
