from pathlib import Path

from analyzer import (
    Instruction,
    Properties,
    StackItem,
    analysis_error,
    Label,
    CodeSection,
    Uop,
)
from cwriter import CWriter
from typing import Callable, TextIO, Iterator, Iterable
from lexer import Token
from stack import Storage, StackError
from parser import Stmt, SimpleStmt, BlockStmt, IfStmt, ForStmt, WhileStmt, MacroIfStmt
from stack import PRINT_STACKS
DEBUG = False

class TokenIterator:

    look_ahead: Token | None
    iterator: Iterator[Token]

    def __init__(self, tkns: Iterable[Token]):
        self.iterator = iter(tkns)
        self.look_ahead = None

    def __iter__(self) -> "TokenIterator":
        return self

    def __next__(self) -> Token:
        if self.look_ahead is None:
            return next(self.iterator)
        else:
            res = self.look_ahead
            self.look_ahead = None
            return res

    def peek(self) -> Token | None:
        if self.look_ahead is None:
            for tkn in self.iterator:
                self.look_ahead = tkn
                break
        return self.look_ahead

ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent.resolve()
DEFAULT_INPUT = (ROOT / "Python/bytecodes.c").as_posix()


def root_relative_path(filename: str) -> str:
    try:
        return Path(filename).resolve().relative_to(ROOT).as_posix()
    except ValueError:
        # Not relative to root, just return original path.
        return filename


def type_and_null(var: StackItem) -> tuple[str, str]:
    if var.is_array():
        return "_PyStackRef *", "NULL"
    else:
        return "_PyStackRef", "PyStackRef_NULL"


def write_header(
    generator: str, sources: list[str], outfile: TextIO, comment: str = "//"
) -> None:
    outfile.write(
        f"""{comment} This file is generated by {root_relative_path(generator)}
{comment} from:
{comment}   {", ".join(root_relative_path(src) for src in sources)}
{comment} Do not edit!
"""
    )


def emit_to(out: CWriter, tkn_iter: TokenIterator, end: str) -> Token:
    parens = 0
    for tkn in tkn_iter:
        if tkn.kind == end and parens == 0:
            return tkn
        if tkn.kind == "LPAREN":
            parens += 1
        if tkn.kind == "RPAREN":
            parens -= 1
        out.emit(tkn)
    raise analysis_error(f"Expecting {end}. Reached end of file", tkn)


ReplacementFunctionType = Callable[
    [Token, TokenIterator, CodeSection, Storage, Instruction | None], bool
]

def always_true(tkn: Token | None) -> bool:
    if tkn is None:
        return False
    return tkn.text in {"true", "1"}

NON_ESCAPING_DEALLOCS = {
    "_PyFloat_ExactDealloc",
    "_PyLong_ExactDealloc",
    "_PyUnicode_ExactDealloc",
}

class Emitter:
    out: CWriter
    labels: dict[str, Label]
    _replacers: dict[str, ReplacementFunctionType]
    cannot_escape: bool
    jump_prefix: str

    def __init__(self, out: CWriter, labels: dict[str, Label], cannot_escape: bool = False, jump_prefix: str = ""):
        self._replacers = {
            "EXIT_IF": self.exit_if,
            "AT_END_EXIT_IF": self.exit_if_after,
            "DEOPT_IF": self.deopt_if,
            "HANDLE_PENDING_AND_DEOPT_IF": self.periodic_if,
            "ERROR_IF": self.error_if,
            "ERROR_NO_POP": self.error_no_pop,
            "DECREF_INPUTS": self.decref_inputs,
            "DEAD": self.kill,
            "INPUTS_DEAD": self.kill_inputs,
            "SYNC_SP": self.sync_sp,
            "SAVE_STACK": self.save_stack,
            "RELOAD_STACK": self.reload_stack,
            "PyStackRef_CLOSE_SPECIALIZED": self.stackref_close_specialized,
            "PyStackRef_AsPyObjectSteal": self.stackref_steal,
            "DISPATCH": self.dispatch,
            "INSTRUCTION_SIZE": self.instruction_size,
            "stack_pointer": self.stack_pointer,
            "Py_UNREACHABLE": self.unreachable,
            "TIER1_TO_TIER2": self.tier1_to_tier2,
            "TIER2_TO_TIER2": self.tier2_to_tier2,
            "GOTO_TIER_ONE": self.goto_tier_one
        }
        self.out = out
        self.labels = labels
        self.cannot_escape = cannot_escape
        self.jump_prefix = jump_prefix

    def dispatch(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        if storage.spilled:
            raise analysis_error("stack_pointer needs reloading before dispatch", tkn)
        storage.stack.flush(self.out)
        self.emit(tkn)
        return False

    def unreachable(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        self.emit(tkn)
        emit_to(self.out, tkn_iter, "SEMI")
        self.emit(";\n")
        return False

    def deopt_if(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        self.out.start_line()
        self.out.emit("if (")
        lparen = next(tkn_iter)
        assert lparen.kind == "LPAREN"
        first_tkn = tkn_iter.peek()
        emit_to(self.out, tkn_iter, "RPAREN")
        self.emit(") {\n")
        next(tkn_iter)  # Semi colon
        assert inst is not None
        assert inst.family is not None
        family_name = inst.family.name
        self.emit(f"UPDATE_MISS_STATS({family_name});\n")
        self.emit(f"assert(_PyOpcode_Deopt[opcode] == ({family_name}));\n")
        self.emit(f"JUMP_TO_PREDICTED({self.jump_prefix}{family_name});\n")
        self.emit("}\n")
        return not always_true(first_tkn)

    exit_if = deopt_if

    def periodic_if(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        raise NotImplementedError("HANDLE_PENDING_AND_DEOPT_IF not support in tier 1")

    def exit_if_after(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        storage.clear_inputs("in AT_END_EXIT_IF")
        storage.flush(self.out)
        storage.stack.clear(self.out)
        return self.exit_if(tkn, tkn_iter, uop, storage, inst)

    def goto_tier_one(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        raise NotImplementedError("GOTO_TIER_ONE not supported in tier 1")

    def goto_error(self, offset: int, storage: Storage) -> str:
        if offset > 0:
            return f"{self.jump_prefix}JUMP_TO_LABEL(pop_{offset}_error);"
        if offset < 0:
            storage.copy().flush(self.out)
        return f"{self.jump_prefix}JUMP_TO_LABEL(error);"

    def error_if(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        lparen = next(tkn_iter)
        assert lparen.kind == "LPAREN"
        first_tkn = tkn_iter.peek()
        unconditional = always_true(first_tkn)
        if unconditional:
            next(tkn_iter)
            next(tkn_iter)  # RPAREN
            self.out.start_line()
        else:
            self.out.emit_at("if ", tkn)
            self.emit(lparen)
            emit_to(self.out, tkn_iter, "RPAREN")
            self.out.emit(") {\n")
        next(tkn_iter)  # Semi colon
        storage.clear_inputs("at ERROR_IF")

        c_offset = storage.stack.sp_offset()
        try:
            offset = int(c_offset)
        except ValueError:
            offset = -1
        self.out.emit(self.goto_error(offset, storage))
        self.out.emit("\n")
        if not unconditional:
            self.out.emit("}\n")
        return not unconditional

    def tier1_to_tier2(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        self.out.emit(tkn)
        lparen = next(tkn_iter)
        assert lparen.kind == "LPAREN"
        self.emit(lparen)
        emit_to(self.out, tkn_iter, "RPAREN")
        self.out.emit(")")
        return False

    tier2_to_tier2 = tier1_to_tier2

    def error_no_pop(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        next(tkn_iter)  # LPAREN
        next(tkn_iter)  # RPAREN
        next(tkn_iter)  # Semi colon
        self.out.emit_at(self.goto_error(0, storage), tkn)
        return False

    def decref_inputs(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        self._print_storage("DECREF_INPUTS", storage)
        try:
            if not self.cannot_escape:
                storage.close_inputs(self.out)
        except StackError as ex:
            raise analysis_error(ex.args[0], tkn)
        except Exception as ex:
            ex.args = (ex.args[0] + str(tkn),)
            raise
        return True

    def kill_inputs(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        for var in storage.inputs:
            var.kill()
        return True

    def kill(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        next(tkn_iter)
        name_tkn = next(tkn_iter)
        name = name_tkn.text
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        for var in storage.inputs:
            if var.name == name:
                var.kill()
                break
        else:
            raise analysis_error(
                f"'{name}' is not a live input-only variable", name_tkn
            )
        return True

    def stackref_kill(
        self,
        name: Token,
        storage: Storage,
        escapes: bool
    ) -> bool:
        live = ""
        for var in reversed(storage.inputs):
            if var.name == name.text:
                if live and escapes:
                    raise analysis_error(
                        f"Cannot close '{name.text}' when "
                        f"'{live}' is still live", name)
                var.kill()
                break
            if var.in_local:
                live = var.name
        return True

    def stackref_close_specialized(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:

        self.out.emit(tkn)
        tkn = next(tkn_iter)
        assert tkn.kind == "LPAREN"
        self.out.emit(tkn)
        name = next(tkn_iter)
        self.out.emit(name)
        comma = next(tkn_iter)
        if comma.kind != "COMMA":
            raise analysis_error("Expected comma", comma)
        self.out.emit(comma)
        dealloc = next(tkn_iter)
        if dealloc.kind != "IDENTIFIER":
            raise analysis_error("Expected identifier", dealloc)
        self.out.emit(dealloc)
        if name.kind == "IDENTIFIER":
            escapes = dealloc.text not in NON_ESCAPING_DEALLOCS
            return self.stackref_kill(name, storage, escapes)
        rparen = emit_to(self.out, tkn_iter, "RPAREN")
        self.emit(rparen)
        return True

    def stackref_steal(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        self.out.emit(tkn)
        tkn = next(tkn_iter)
        assert tkn.kind == "LPAREN"
        self.out.emit(tkn)
        name = next(tkn_iter)
        self.out.emit(name)
        if name.kind == "IDENTIFIER":
            return self.stackref_kill(name, storage, False)
        rparen = emit_to(self.out, tkn_iter, "RPAREN")
        self.emit(rparen)
        return True

    def sync_sp(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        storage.clear_inputs("when syncing stack")
        storage.flush(self.out)
        storage.stack.clear(self.out)
        return True

    def stack_pointer(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        if storage.spilled:
            raise analysis_error("stack_pointer is invalid when stack is spilled to memory", tkn)
        self.emit(tkn)
        return True

    def goto_label(self, goto: Token, label: Token, storage: Storage) -> None:
        if label.text not in self.labels:
            print(self.labels.keys())
            raise analysis_error(f"Label '{label.text}' does not exist", label)
        label_node = self.labels[label.text]
        if label_node.spilled:
            if not storage.spilled:
                self.emit_save(storage)
        elif storage.spilled:
            raise analysis_error("Cannot jump from spilled label without reloading the stack pointer", goto)
        self.out.start_line()
        self.out.emit(f"{self.jump_prefix}JUMP_TO_LABEL(")
        self.out.emit(label)
        self.out.emit(")")

    def emit_save(self, storage: Storage) -> None:
        storage.flush(self.out)
        storage.save(self.out)

    def save_stack(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        self.emit_save(storage)
        return True

    def emit_reload(self, storage: Storage) -> None:
        storage.reload(self.out)

    def reload_stack(
        self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        next(tkn_iter)
        self.emit_reload(storage)
        return True

    def instruction_size(self,
        tkn: Token,
        tkn_iter: TokenIterator,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> bool:
        """Replace the INSTRUCTION_SIZE macro with the size of the current instruction."""
        if uop.instruction_size is None:
            raise analysis_error("The INSTRUCTION_SIZE macro requires uop.instruction_size to be set", tkn)
        self.out.emit(f" {uop.instruction_size}u ")
        return True

    def _print_storage(self, reason:str, storage: Storage) -> None:
        if DEBUG:
            self.out.start_line()
            self.emit(f"/* {reason} */\n")
            self.emit(storage.as_comment())
            self.out.start_line()

    def _emit_stmt(
        self,
        stmt: Stmt,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> tuple[bool, Token | None, Storage]:
        method_name = "emit_" + stmt.__class__.__name__
        method = getattr(self, method_name, None)
        if method is None:
            raise NotImplementedError
        return method(stmt, uop, storage, inst) # type: ignore[no-any-return]

    def emit_SimpleStmt(
        self,
        stmt: SimpleStmt,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> tuple[bool, Token | None, Storage]:
        local_stores = set(uop.local_stores)
        reachable = True
        tkn = stmt.contents[-1]
        try:
            if stmt in uop.properties.escaping_calls and not self.cannot_escape:
                escape = uop.properties.escaping_calls[stmt]
                if escape.kills is not None:
                    self.stackref_kill(escape.kills, storage, True)
                self.emit_save(storage)
            tkn_iter = TokenIterator(stmt.contents)
            for tkn in tkn_iter:
                if tkn.kind == "GOTO":
                    label_tkn = next(tkn_iter)
                    self.goto_label(tkn, label_tkn, storage)
                    reachable = False
                elif tkn.kind == "RETURN":
                    self.emit(tkn)
                    semicolon = emit_to(self.out, tkn_iter, "SEMI")
                    self.emit(semicolon)
                    reachable = False
                elif tkn.kind == "IDENTIFIER":
                    if tkn.text in self._replacers:
                        if not self._replacers[tkn.text](tkn, tkn_iter, uop, storage, inst):
                            reachable = False
                    else:
                        if tkn in local_stores:
                            for var in storage.inputs:
                                if var.name == tkn.text:
                                    var.in_local = True
                                    var.memory_offset = None
                                    break
                            for var in storage.outputs:
                                if var.name == tkn.text:
                                    var.in_local = True
                                    var.memory_offset = None
                                    break
                        if tkn.text.startswith("DISPATCH"):
                            reachable = False
                        self.out.emit(tkn)
                else:
                    self.out.emit(tkn)
            if stmt in uop.properties.escaping_calls and not self.cannot_escape:
                self.emit_reload(storage)
            return reachable, None, storage
        except StackError as ex:
            raise analysis_error(ex.args[0], tkn) #from None


    def emit_MacroIfStmt(
        self,
        stmt: MacroIfStmt,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> tuple[bool, Token | None, Storage]:
        self.out.emit(stmt.condition)
        branch = stmt.else_ is not None
        reachable = True
        if_storage = storage
        else_storage = storage.copy()
        for s in stmt.body:
            r, tkn, if_storage = self._emit_stmt(s, uop, if_storage, inst)
            if tkn is not None:
                self.out.emit(tkn)
            if not r:
                reachable = False
        if branch:
            assert stmt.else_ is not None
            self.out.emit(stmt.else_)
            assert stmt.else_body is not None
            for s in stmt.else_body:
                r, tkn, else_storage = self._emit_stmt(s, uop, else_storage, inst)
                if tkn is not None:
                    self.out.emit(tkn)
                if not r:
                    reachable = False
            else_storage.merge(if_storage, self.out)
            storage = if_storage
        else:
            if_storage.merge(else_storage, self.out)
            storage = else_storage
        self.out.emit(stmt.endif)
        return reachable, None, storage


    def emit_IfStmt(
        self,
        stmt: IfStmt,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> tuple[bool, Token | None, Storage]:
        self.out.emit(stmt.if_)
        for tkn in stmt.condition:
            self.out.emit(tkn)
        if_storage = storage.copy()
        rbrace: Token | None = stmt.if_
        try:
            reachable, rbrace, if_storage = self._emit_stmt(stmt.body, uop, if_storage, inst)
            if stmt.else_ is not None:
                assert rbrace is not None
                self.out.emit(rbrace)
                self.out.emit(stmt.else_)
            if stmt.else_body is not None:
                else_reachable, rbrace, else_storage = self._emit_stmt(stmt.else_body, uop, storage, inst)
                if not reachable:
                    reachable, storage = else_reachable, else_storage
                elif not else_reachable:
                    # Discard the else storage
                    storage = if_storage
                else:
                    #Both reachable
                    else_storage.merge(if_storage, self.out)
                    storage = else_storage
            else:
                if reachable:
                    if_storage.merge(storage, self.out)
                    storage = if_storage
                else:
                    # Discard the if storage
                    reachable = True
            return reachable, rbrace, storage
        except StackError as ex:
            assert rbrace is not None
            raise analysis_error(ex.args[0], rbrace) from None

    def emit_BlockStmt(
        self,
        stmt: BlockStmt,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
        emit_braces: bool = True,
    ) -> tuple[bool, Token | None, Storage]:
        """ Returns (reachable?, closing '}', stack)."""
        tkn: Token | None = None
        try:
            if emit_braces:
                self.out.emit(stmt.open)
            reachable = True
            for s in stmt.body:
                reachable, tkn, storage = self._emit_stmt(s, uop, storage, inst)
                if tkn is not None:
                    self.out.emit(tkn)
                if not reachable:
                    break
            return reachable, stmt.close, storage
        except StackError as ex:
            if tkn is None:
                tkn = stmt.close
            raise analysis_error(ex.args[0], tkn) from None

    def emit_ForStmt(
        self,
        stmt: ForStmt,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> tuple[bool, Token | None, Storage]:
        """ Returns (reachable?, closing '}', stack)."""
        self.out.emit(stmt.for_)
        for tkn in stmt.header:
            self.out.emit(tkn)
        return self._emit_stmt(stmt.body, uop, storage, inst)

    def emit_WhileStmt(
        self,
        stmt: WhileStmt,
        uop: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
    ) -> tuple[bool, Token | None, Storage]:
        """ Returns (reachable?, closing '}', stack)."""
        self.out.emit(stmt.while_)
        for tkn in stmt.condition:
            self.out.emit(tkn)
        return self._emit_stmt(stmt.body, uop, storage, inst)


    def emit_tokens(
        self,
        code: CodeSection,
        storage: Storage,
        inst: Instruction | None,
        emit_braces: bool = True
    ) -> tuple[bool, Storage]:
        self.out.start_line()
        reachable, tkn, storage = self.emit_BlockStmt(code.body, code, storage, inst, emit_braces)
        assert tkn is not None
        try:
            if reachable:
                storage.push_outputs()
            if emit_braces:
                self.out.emit(tkn)
        except StackError as ex:
            raise analysis_error(ex.args[0], tkn) from None
        return reachable, storage

    def emit(self, txt: str | Token) -> None:
        self.out.emit(txt)


def cflags(p: Properties) -> str:
    flags: list[str] = []
    if p.oparg:
        flags.append("HAS_ARG_FLAG")
    if p.uses_co_consts:
        flags.append("HAS_CONST_FLAG")
    if p.uses_co_names:
        flags.append("HAS_NAME_FLAG")
    if p.jumps:
        flags.append("HAS_JUMP_FLAG")
    if p.has_free:
        flags.append("HAS_FREE_FLAG")
    if p.uses_locals:
        flags.append("HAS_LOCAL_FLAG")
    if p.eval_breaker:
        flags.append("HAS_EVAL_BREAK_FLAG")
    if p.deopts:
        flags.append("HAS_DEOPT_FLAG")
    if p.deopts_periodic:
        flags.append("HAS_PERIODIC_FLAG")
    if p.side_exit or p.side_exit_at_end:
        flags.append("HAS_EXIT_FLAG")
    if not p.infallible:
        flags.append("HAS_ERROR_FLAG")
    if p.error_without_pop:
        flags.append("HAS_ERROR_NO_POP_FLAG")
    if p.escapes:
        flags.append("HAS_ESCAPES_FLAG")
    if p.pure:
        flags.append("HAS_PURE_FLAG")
    if p.no_save_ip:
        flags.append("HAS_NO_SAVE_IP_FLAG")
    if p.sync_sp:
        flags.append("HAS_SYNC_SP_FLAG")
    if p.unpredictable_jump:
        flags.append("HAS_UNPREDICTABLE_JUMP_FLAG")
    if p.needs_guard_ip:
        flags.append("HAS_NEEDS_GUARD_IP_FLAG")
    if flags:
        return " | ".join(flags)
    else:
        return "0"
