项目概述
A Rust HTTP server for Python applications
项目地址
https://github.com/emmett-framework/granian
项目页面预览
关键指标
- Stars：4911
- 主要语言：Rust
- License：BSD 3-Clause “New” or “Revised” License
- 最近更新：2026-01-15T01:58:26Z
- 默认分支：master
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– SHA256：8b42ec87395aa23bf7bf92fcc7a9a99d02fafb04812d06108cfa295832a68b29
安装部署要点（README 精选）
Quickstart
You can install Granian using pip:
$ pip install granian
Runtime mode
Granian offers two different runtime threading paradigms, due to the fact the runtime can be multi-threaded – in opposition to what happens in Python event-loop which can only run as a single thread.
Given you specify N threads with the relevant option, in st mode Granian will spawn N single-threaded Rust runtimes, while in mt mode Granian will spawn a single multi-threaded runtime with N threads.
Benchmarks suggests st mode to be more efficient with a small amount of processes, while mt mode seems to scale more efficiently where you have a large number of CPUs. Real performance will though depend on specific application code, and thus your mileage might vary.
常用命令（从 README 提取）
$ granian --help
Usage: granian [OPTIONS] APP
APP Application target to serve. [required]
Options:
--host TEXT Host address to bind to [env var:
GRANIAN_HOST; default: (127.0.0.1)]
--port INTEGER Port to bind to. [env var: GRANIAN_PORT;
default: 8000]
--uds PATH Unix Domain Socket to bind to. [env var:
GRANIAN_UDS]
--uds-permissions OCTAL INTEGER
Unix Domain Socket file permissions [env
var: GRANIAN_UDS_PERMISSIONS]
--interface [asgi|asginl|rsgi|wsgi]
Application interface type [env var:
GRANIAN_INTERFACE; default: (rsgi)]
--http [auto|1|2] HTTP version [env var: GRANIAN_HTTP;
default: (auto)]
--ws / --no-ws Enable websockets handling [env var:
GRANIAN_WEBSOCKETS; default: (enabled)]
--workers INTEGER RANGE Number of worker processes [env var:
GRANIAN_WORKERS; default: 1; x>=1]
--blocking-threads INTEGER RANGE
Number of blocking threads (per worker)
[env var: GRANIAN_BLOCKING_THREADS; x>=1]
--blocking-threads-idle-timeout DURATION
The maximum amount of time in seconds (or a
human-readable duration) an idle blocking
thread will be kept alive [env var:
GRANIAN_BLOCKING_THREADS_IDLE_TIMEOUT;
default: 30; 10<=x<=600]
--runtime-threads INTEGER RANGE
Number of runtime threads (per worker) [env
var: GRANIAN_RUNTIME_THREADS; default: 1;
x>=1]
--runtime-blocking-threads INTEGER RANGE
Number of runtime I/O blocking threads (per
worker) [env var:
GRANIAN_RUNTIME_BLOCKING_THREADS; x>=1]
--runtime-mode [auto|mt|st] Runtime mode to use (single/multi threaded)
[env var: GRANIAN_RUNTIME_MODE; default:
(auto)]
--loop [auto|asyncio|rloop|uvloop|winloop]
Event loop implementation [env var:
GRANIAN_LOOP; default: (auto)]
--task-impl [asyncio|rust] Async task implementation to use [env var:
GRANIAN_TASK_IMPL; default: (asyncio)]
--backlog INTEGER RANGE Maximum number of connections to hold in
backlog (globally) [env var:
GRANIAN_BACKLOG; default: 1024; x>=128]
--backpressure INTEGER RANGE Maximum number of requests to process
concurrently (per worker) [env var:
GRANIAN_BACKPRESSURE; default:
(backlog/workers); x>=1]
--http1-buffer-size INTEGER RANGE
Sets the maximum buffer size for HTTP/1
connections [env var:
GRANIAN_HTTP1_BUFFER_SIZE; default: 417792;
x>=8192]
--http1-header-read-timeout INTEGER RANGE
Sets a timeout (in milliseconds) to read
headers [env var:
GRANIAN_HTTP1_HEADER_READ_TIMEOUT; default:
30000; 1<=x<=60000]
--http1-keep-alive / --no-http1-keep-alive
Enables or disables HTTP/1 keep-alive [env
var: GRANIAN_HTTP1_KEEP_ALIVE; default:
(enabled)]
--http1-pipeline-flush / --no-http1-pipeline-flush
Aggregates HTTP/1 flushes to better support
pipelined responses (experimental) [env
var: GRANIAN_HTTP1_PIPELINE_FLUSH; default:
(disabled)]
--http2-adaptive-window / --no-http2-adaptive-window
Sets whether to use an adaptive flow control
for HTTP2 [env var:
GRANIAN_HTTP2_ADAPTIVE_WINDOW; default:
(disabled)]
--http2-initial-connection-window-size INTEGER RANGE
Sets the max connection-level flow control
for HTTP2 [env var: GRANIAN_HTTP2_INITIAL_C
ONNECTION_WINDOW_SIZE; default: 1048576;
x>=1024]
--http2-initial-stream-window-size INTEGER RANGE
Sets the `SETTINGS_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE`
option for HTTP2 stream-level flow control
[env var:
GRANIAN_HTTP2_INITIAL_STREAM_WINDOW_SIZE;
default: 1048576; x>=1024]
--http2-keep-alive-interval INTEGER RANGE
Sets an interval (in milliseconds) for HTTP2
Ping frames should be sent to keep a
connection alive [env var:
GRANIAN_HTTP2_KEEP_ALIVE_INTERVAL;
1<=x<=60000]
--http2-keep-alive-timeout DURATION
Sets a timeout (in seconds or a human-
readable duration) for receiving an
acknowledgement of the HTTP2 keep-alive ping
[env var: GRANIAN_HTTP2_KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT;
default: 20; x>=1]
--http2-max-concurrent-streams INTEGER RANGE
Sets the SETTINGS_MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS
option for HTTP2 connections [env var:
GRANIAN_HTTP2_MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS;
default: 200; x>=10]
--http2-max-frame-size INTEGER RANGE
Sets the maximum frame size to use for HTTP2
[env var: GRANIAN_HTTP2_MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
default: 16384; x>=1024]
--http2-max-headers-size INTEGER RANGE
Sets the max size of received header frames
[env var: GRANIAN_HTTP2_MAX_HEADERS_SIZE;
default: 16777216; x>=1]
--http2-max-send-buffer-size INTEGER RANGE
Set the maximum write buffer size for each
HTTP/2 stream [env var:
GRANIAN_HTTP2_MAX_SEND_BUFFER_SIZE; default:
409600; x>=1024]
--log / --no-log Enable logging [env var:
GRANIAN_LOG_ENABLED; default: (enabled)]
--log-level [critical|error|warning|warn|info|debug|notset]
Log level [env var: GRANIAN_LOG_LEVEL;
default: (info)]
--log-config FILE Logging configuration file (json) [env var:
GRANIAN_LOG_CONFIG]
--access-log / --no-access-log Enable access log [env var:
GRANIAN_LOG_ACCESS_ENABLED; default:
(disabled)]
--access-log-fmt TEXT Access log format [env var:
GRANIAN_LOG_ACCESS_FMT]
--ssl-certificate FILE SSL certificate file [env var:
GRANIAN_SSL_CERTIFICATE]
--ssl-keyfile FILE SSL key file (PKCS#8 format only) [env var:
GRANIAN_SSL_KEYFILE]
--ssl-keyfile-password TEXT SSL key password [env var:
GRANIAN_SSL_KEYFILE_PASSWORD]
--ssl-protocol-min [tls1.2|tls1.3]
Set the minimum supported protocol for SSL
connections. [env var:
GRANIAN_SSL_PROTOCOL_MIN; default: (tls1.3)]
--ssl-ca FILE Root SSL cerificate file for client
verification [env var: GRANIAN_SSL_CA]
--ssl-crl FILE SSL CRL file(s) [env var: GRANIAN_SSL_CRL]
--ssl-client-verify / --no-ssl-client-verify
Verify clients SSL certificates [env var:
GRANIAN_SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY; default:
(disabled)]
--url-path-prefix TEXT URL path prefix the app is mounted on [env
var: GRANIAN_URL_PATH_PREFIX]
--respawn-failed-workers / --no-respawn-failed-workers
Enable workers respawn on unexpected exit
[env var: GRANIAN_RESPAWN_FAILED_WORKERS;
default: (disabled)]
--respawn-interval FLOAT The number of seconds to sleep between
workers respawn [env var:
GRANIAN_RESPAWN_INTERVAL; default: 3.5]
--rss-sample-interval DURATION The sample rate in seconds (or a human-
readable duration) for the resource monitor
[env var: GRANIAN_RSS_SAMPLE_INTERVAL;
default: 30; 1<=x<=300]
--rss-samples INTEGER RANGE The number of consecutive samples to
consider a worker over resource limit [env
var: GRANIAN_RSS_SAMPLES; default: 1; x>=1]
--workers-lifetime DURATION The maximum amount of time in seconds (or a
human-readable duration) a worker will be
kept alive before respawn [env var:
GRANIAN_WORKERS_LIFETIME; x>=60]
--workers-max-rss INTEGER RANGE
The maximum amount of memory (in MiB) a
worker can consume before respawn [env var:
GRANIAN_WORKERS_MAX_RSS; x>=1]
--workers-kill-timeout DURATION
The amount of time in seconds (or a human-
readable duration) to wait for killing
workers that refused to gracefully stop
[env var: GRANIAN_WORKERS_KILL_TIMEOUT;
default: (disabled); 1<=x<=1800]
--factory / --no-factory Treat target as a factory function, that
should be invoked to build the actual target
[env var: GRANIAN_FACTORY; default:
(disabled)]
--working-dir DIRECTORY Set the working directory [env var:
GRANIAN_WORKING_DIR]
--env-files FILE Environment file(s) to load (requires
granian[dotenv] extra) [env var:
GRANIAN_ENV_FILES]
--static-path-route TEXT Route for static file serving [env var:
GRANIAN_STATIC_PATH_ROUTE; default:
(/static)]
--static-path-mount DIRECTORY Path to mount for static file serving [env
var: GRANIAN_STATIC_PATH_MOUNT]
--static-path-expires DURATION Cache headers expiration (in seconds or a
human-readable duration) for static file
serving. 0 to disable. [env var:
GRANIAN_STATIC_PATH_EXPIRES; default: 86400;
x>=0]
--reload / --no-reload Enable auto reload on application's files
changes (requires granian[reload] extra)
[env var: GRANIAN_RELOAD; default:
(disabled)]
--reload-paths PATH Paths to watch for changes [env var:
GRANIAN_RELOAD_PATHS; default: (Working
directory)]
--reload-ignore-dirs TEXT Names of directories to ignore changes for.
Extends the default list of directories to
ignore in watchfiles' default filter [env
var: GRANIAN_RELOAD_IGNORE_DIRS]
--reload-ignore-patterns TEXT File/directory name patterns (regex) to
ignore changes for. Extends the default list
of patterns to ignore in watchfiles' default
filter [env var:
GRANIAN_RELOAD_IGNORE_PATTERNS]
--reload-ignore-paths PATH Absolute paths to ignore changes for [env
var: GRANIAN_RELOAD_IGNORE_PATHS]
--reload-tick INTEGER RANGE The tick frequency (in milliseconds) the
reloader watch for changes [env var:
GRANIAN_RELOAD_TICK; default: 50;
50<=x<=5000]
--reload-ignore-worker-failure / --no-reload-ignore-worker-failure
Ignore worker failures when auto reload is
enabled [env var:
GRANIAN_RELOAD_IGNORE_WORKER_FAILURE;
default: (disabled)]
--process-name TEXT Set a custom name for processes (requires
granian[pname] extra) [env var:
GRANIAN_PROCESS_NAME]
--pid-file FILE A path to write the PID file to [env var:
GRANIAN_PID_FILE]
--version Show the version and exit.
--help Show this message and exit.
通用部署说明
- 下载源码并阅读 README
- 安装依赖（pip/npm/yarn 等）
- 配置环境变量（API Key、模型路径、数据库等）
- 启动服务并测试访问
- 上线建议：Nginx 反代 + HTTPS + 进程守护（systemd / pm2）
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