pytransitions/transitions 源码下载与部署教程

项目概述

A lightweight, object-oriented finite state machine implementation in Python with many extensions

项目地址

https://github.com/pytransitions/transitions

项目页面预览

关键指标

• Stars：6384
• 主要语言：Python
• License：MIT License
• 最近更新：2025-09-11T04:34:54Z
• 默认分支：master

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安装部署要点（README 精选）

Installation

pip install transitions

… or clone the repo from GitHub and then:

python setup.py install

Quickstart

They say a good example is worth 100 pages of API documentation, a million directives, or a thousand words.

Well, “they” probably lie… but here’s an example anyway:

from transitions import Machine
import random

class NarcolepticSuperhero(object):

    # Define some states. Most of the time, narcoleptic superheroes are just like
    # everyone else. Except for...
    states = ['asleep', 'hanging out', 'hungry', 'sweaty', 'saving the world']

    def __init__(self, name):

        # No anonymous superheroes on my watch! Every narcoleptic superhero gets
        # a name. Any name at all. SleepyMan. SlumberGirl. You get the idea.
        self.name = name

        # What have we accomplished today?
        self.kittens_rescued = 0

        # Initialize the state machine
        self.machine = Machine(model=self, states=NarcolepticSuperhero.states, initial='asleep')

        # Add some transitions. We could also define these using a static list of
        # dictionaries, as we did with states above, and then pass the list to
        # the Machine initializer as the transitions= argument.

        # At some point, every superhero must rise and shine.
        self.machine.add_transition(trigger='wake_up', source='asleep', dest='hanging out')

        # Superheroes need to keep in shape.
        self.machine.add_transition('work_out', 'hanging out', 'hungry')

        # Those calories won't replenish themselves!
        self.machine.add_transition('eat', 'hungry', 'hanging out')

        # Superheroes are always on call. ALWAYS. But they're not always
        # dressed in work-appropriate clothing.
        self.machine.add_transition('distress_call', '*', 'saving the world',
                         before='change_into_super_secret_costume')

        # When they get off work, they're all sweaty and disgusting. But before
        # they do anything else, they have to meticulously log their latest
        # escapades. Because the legal department says so.
        self.machine.add_transition('complete_mission', 'saving the world', 'sweaty',
                         after='update_journal')

        # Sweat is a disorder that can be remedied with water.
        # Unless you've had a particularly long day, in which case... bed time!
        self.machine.add_transition('clean_up', 'sweaty', 'asleep', conditions=['is_exhausted'])
        self.machine.add_transition('clean_up', 'sweaty', 'hanging out')

        # Our NarcolepticSuperhero can fall asleep at pretty much any time.
        self.machine.add_transition('nap', '*', 'asleep')

    def update_journal(self):
        """ Dear Diary, today I saved Mr. Whiskers. Again. """
        self.kittens_rescued += 1

    @property
    def is_exhausted(self):
        """ Basically a coin toss. """
        return random.random() < 0.5

    def change_into_super_secret_costume(self):
        print("Beauty, eh?")

There, now you’ve baked a state machine into NarcolepticSuperhero. Let’s take him/her/it out for a spin…

>>> batman = NarcolepticSuperhero("Batman")
>>> batman.state
'asleep'

>>> batman.wake_up()
>>> batman.state
'hanging out'

>>> batman.nap()
>>> batman.state
'asleep'

>>> batman.clean_up()
MachineError: "Can't trigger event clean_up from state asleep!"

>>> batman.wake_up()
>>> batman.work_out()
>>> batman.state
'hungry'

# Batman still hasn't done anything useful...
>>> batman.kittens_rescued
0

# We now take you live to the scene of a horrific kitten entreement...
>>> batman.distress_call()
'Beauty, eh?'
>>> batman.state
'saving the world'

# Back to the crib.
>>> batman.complete_mission()
>>> batman.state
'sweaty'

>>> batman.clean_up()
>>> batman.state
'asleep'   # Too tired to shower!

# Another productive day, Alfred.
>>> batman.kittens_rescued
1

While we cannot read the mind of the actual batman, we surely can visualize the current state of our NarcolepticSuperhero.

Have a look at the Diagrams extensions if you want to know how.

The non-quickstart

A state machine is a model of behavior composed of a finite number of states and transitions between those states. Within each state and transition some action can be performed. A state machine needs to start at some initial state. When using transitions, a state machine may consist of multiple objects where some (machines) contain definitions for the manipulation of other (models). Below, we will look at some core concepts and how to work with them.

常用命令（从 README 提取）

prepare -> before -> on_enter_B -> on_enter_C -> after.

prepare -> before -> on_enter_B -> queue(to_C) -> after  -> on_enter_C.

通用部署说明

1. 下载源码并阅读 README
2. 安装依赖（pip/npm/yarn 等）
3. 配置环境变量（API Key、模型路径、数据库等）
4. 启动服务并测试访问
5. 上线建议：Nginx 反代 + HTTPS + 进程守护（systemd / pm2）

免责声明与版权说明

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